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European Review of Agricultural Economics 2008 35(4):409-438; doi:10.1093/erae/jbn031
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© Oxford University Press and Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics 2009; all rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Tariffs and other trade costs: assessing obstacles to Mediterranean countries' access to EU-15 fruit and vegetable markets

Charlotte Emlinger

Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM), France

Florence Jacquet

INRA Paris-Grignon, France

Emmanuelle Chevassus Lozza

INRA Nantes, France

Corresponding author: Charlotte Emlinger, Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier, 3191 Route de Mende, 34090 Montpellier, France. E-mail: emlinger{at}iamm.fr

Received November 2006; final version received August 2008

This paper evaluates the role of tariffs in the overall trade barriers faced by Mediterranean countries that export fruit and vegetables to the European Union (EU), using a gravity model. With an annual specification, we measure the border effect faced by the Mediterranean countries on entering EU markets and show that trade costs other than transport costs and tariffs seriously hinder exports from Mediterranean countries. A second specification analyses the impact of seasonality on tariff sensitivity. Periods of the year during which liberalisation could have a greater impact on trade are identified.

Keywords: fruit and vegetables, EU–Mediterranean agreement, gravity models, transport cost, tariffs

JEL classification: F13, Q17, Q18


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